Kidapawan’s warning as the Philippines faces climate shocks

The 2016 Kidapawan bloodshed remains a defining moment in Philippine history, exposing the fragility of governance when confronted with climate shocks and food insecurity. As the country braces for the 2026-2027 Super El Niño, the lessons of Kidapawan are more urgent than ever. Famine is not a natural calamity but a governance failure, and climate